Biomarkers · Inflammation

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)

The published study could not tell whether risk rises or falls: its 95% interval includes no change. No risk curve catalogued yet.

Published risk of death1.26×TNF-alpha above vs below median (1.43 pg/mL) (95% CI 0.74–2.15) · ilSIRENTE study: community-living adults aged 80+ in an Italian mountain community

TNF-alpha by age and sex

Each bar runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile, the darker part from the 25th to the 75th, and the tick is the median. Not a reference range or a target.

The percentiles as a table

Each row is one sex and age band: the values below which 5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 95% of people fall (pg/mL), from the survey named in the row. Not a reference range or a target.
Sex	Age	5th	25th	Median	75th	95th	n	Cycle / source
All	40-59	1.20	1.67	2.06	2.44	3.50	353	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
All	60+	1.32	1.85	2.24	2.91	4.31	394	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
All	all	1.26	1.77	2.13	2.67	4.04	747	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Men	40-59	1.18	1.72	2.05	2.56	3.50	135	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Men	60+	1.30	1.87	2.21	2.90	4.44	195	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Men	all	1.24	1.79	2.13	2.68	4.35	330	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Women	40-59	1.23	1.66	2.07	2.42	3.44	218	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Women	60+	1.35	1.84	2.25	2.90	4.18	199	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…
Women	all	1.26	1.75	2.14	2.67	4.00	417	MIDUS 3 Biomarker Proj…

What studies found when this marker was changed

They describe what happened in those study groups, not a recommendation. See all catalogued interventions.

Measured changes in TNF-alpha, study by study

1 effect with a numeric size, each from one study arm: the dot is the reported change, the line its 95% interval where one was given. Study results in the groups studied, not predictions for a person.

Each row is one study: what was changed, the effect it reported on this marker, and the source.
Type	Intervention	Reported effect	Evidence	Source
diet	Polyphenol-rich Mediterranean diet (extra-virgin olive oil or nuts)	Reduced plasma TNF-alpha by >=16% vs baseline at 3 and 5 y with MedDiet + EVOO or nuts (no significant change on low-fat diet)	RCT	Casas R, et al. Long-Term Immunomodulatory Effects of a Mediterranean Diet in…
nutraceutical	Resveratrol supplementation	Resveratrol reduced TNF-α vs control (ES = -0.455, 95% CI -0.592 to -0.318) across 81 RCTs	meta-analysis	Molani-Gol R, et al. Effects of resveratrol on the anthropometric indices and…

Things that worsen it

Each row is one study: what was changed, the effect it reported on this marker, and the source.
Type	Condition or exposure	Reported effect	Evidence	Source
lifestyle	Prolonged physical inactivity (bed rest)	14-day bed rest increased serum TNF-α in older men (55-65 y) but not young men (effect size not reported)	non-randomised trial	Jurdana M, et al. Impact of 14-day bed rest on serum adipokines and low-grade…

Sources

Giovannini et al. Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha as predictors of mortality in frail, community-living elderly individuals. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2011;59:1679-85.