Biomarkers · Inflammation
Interleukin-18 (IL-18)
Lower values go with lower risk of death. No risk curve catalogued yet.
Published risk of death1.19×contrast not reported (95% CI 1.07–1.33) · Patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes (median age 66, 30% female), IL-18 from day 1
What else moves this marker
They describe those study groups, not an individual, and an association is not a cause.
Diseases and conditions
| What | Effect on the marker | Comparison · population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↑ Alzheimer's disease · Peripheral blood IL-18, AD vs healthy controls (weighted mean difference) | +15.82 pg/mL (95% CI 1.98 to 29.66) | AD subjects vs healthy controls · 4 studies; 131 AD and 94 control subjects (peripheral blood) | meta analysis · PMID 20692646 |
| ↑ Depression · Peripheral blood IL-18 in depression vs matched healthy controls (Hedges g) | SMD +1.97 (95% CI 1 to 2.95) | Patients with depression vs healthy controls · 107 case-control studies; 5,166 patients with depression and 5,083 controls (all markers) | meta analysis · PMID 32113908 |
| ↑ Ischemic stroke · Serum IL-18 in stroke patients vs controls | SMD +2.14 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.73) | Ischemic stroke patients vs controls · Meta-analysis of 2,928 stroke patients and 3,739 controls | meta analysis · PMID 31525735 |
Environmental and occupational exposures
| What | Effect on the marker | Comparison · population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↑ Occupational heat stress (sugarcane field work) · Change in urinary IL-18 (creatinine-normalised) over a 6-month harvest, field vs non-field workers | ratio 1.61 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.31) | Increase in field workers as a multiple of that in non-field workers · 284 Nicaraguan sugarcane workers in 7 job categories | prospective cohort · PMID 26454687 |