Biomarkers · Cardiac & Hemodynamics
QT Interval
Both low and high values go with higher risk of death. Not measured in our NHANES panel. The curve is drawn from the published study (source below).
QT Interval and risk of death
Published curve higher than the NHANES fitNHANES fit higher
Risk of death relative to the curve's reference value, drawn from the published study (source below).
What studies found when this marker was changed
They describe what happened in those study groups, not a recommendation. See all catalogued interventions.
Measured changes in QT Interval, study by study
3 effects with a numeric size, each from one study arm: the dot is the reported change, the line its 95% interval where one was given. Study results in the groups studied, not predictions for a person.
Things that worsen it
| Type | Condition or exposure | Reported effect | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| diet | Acute consumption of 32 oz of a caffeinated energy drink within 60 minutes by healthy young adults | Maximum QTc (Bazett) rise from baseline +19.6±15.8 ms with energy drink B and +17.9±13.9 ms with drink A vs +11.9±11.1 ms with placebo (P=0.04 and <0.01 vs placebo, respectively) | RCT | Shah SA, Szeto AH, Farewell R, et al. Impact of High Volume Energy Drink… |
| pharmacologic | SSRI antidepressant treatment (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine) in adults | QTc prolonged by 6.10 ms (95% CI 3.47-8.73) vs placebo; dose-dependent, greatest with citalopram | meta-analysis | Beach SR, Kostis WJ, Celano CM, et al. Meta-analysis of selective serotonin… |
| pharmacologic | Citalopram titrated from 10 to 30 mg/day over 9 weeks plus psychosocial intervention in patients with Alzheimer disease and agitation | QT interval prolonged by 18.1 ms (95% CI 6.1-30.1) with citalopram vs placebo at 9 weeks | RCT | Porsteinsson AP, Drye LT, Pollock BG, et al. Effect of citalopram on agitation… |
| pharmacologic | Ribociclib 600 mg starting dose with a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor in HR+/ERBB2- advanced breast cancer | Change in Fridericia-corrected QT from baseline +19.7 ms with 600 mg vs +12.5 ms with 400 mg at cycle 1 day 15 | RCT | Cardoso F, Jacot W, Kuemmel S, et al. 600- vs 400-mg First-Line Ribociclib in… |
What else moves this marker
They describe those study groups, not an individual, and an association is not a cause.
Genetic predisposition
| What | Effect on the marker | Comparison · population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↑ Putative pathogenic rare variants in 10 repolarisation genes · carriers vs non-carriers | +10.9 ms (95% CI 7.4 to 14.4) | carriers of a putative pathogenic rare variant vs non-carriers · 160 carriers among 26,976 TOPMed participants with whole-genome sequencing and ECG | gwas · PMID 35389749 |
| ↑ QTc polygenic risk score (1,110,494 common variants) · per decile of polygenic risk score | +1.4 ms (95% CI 1.3 to 1.5) | per decile increase in the QTc polygenic risk score · 26,976 TOPMed participants with whole-genome sequencing and ECG (score derived in 84,630 UK Biobank participants) | gwas · PMID 35389749 |
Sources
- Risk curve: Zhang 2011 (PMID 22025428): all-cause HR 2.03 (1.46-2.81) >=95th percentile of age-, sex-, race-, and R-R interval-corrected QT (>=439 ms) vs middle quintile (401 to <410 ms); <5th percentile (<377 ms) vs middle quintile HR 1.39 (1.02-1.88). Scaled to published population values.
- Zhang et al. QT-interval duration and mortality rate: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Archives of internal medicine. 2011;171:1727-33.
Map QT Interval against another biomarker.
Related markers: Abdominal Aortic Calcification (AAC) · Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) · Cardiac (Valvular/Annular) Calcification · Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) · Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) · Copeptin · Coronary Artery Calcium Score (Agatston) · Corrected QT Interval (QTc)