Biomarkers · Urine Biomarkers

Urinary Flow Rate

Higher values go with lower risk of death. Not measured in our NHANES panel. The curve is drawn from the published study (source below).

Urinary Flow Rate and risk of death

Published curve higher than the NHANES fitNHANES fit higher

Risk of death relative to the curve's reference value, drawn from the published study (source below).

Published risk of death0.96×per 0.1-L/d higher residual urine volume (95% CI 0.94–0.98) · Korean nationwide prospective cohort of patients on dialysis at 36 centres, 2008-2014

Urinary Flow Rate by age and sex

Each bar runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile, the darker part from the 25th to the 75th, and the tick is the median. Not a reference range or a target.

The percentiles as a table

Each row is one sex and age band: the values below which 5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 95% of people fall (mL/min), from the survey named in the row. Not a reference range or a target.
Sex	Age	5th	25th	Median	75th	95th	n	Cycle / source
All	20-39	0.14	0.40	0.67	1.15	2.40	1,279	NHANES 2017-2018
All	40-59	0.17	0.42	0.71	1.29	2.87	1,448	NHANES 2017-2018
All	60+	0.15	0.40	0.66	1.16	2.43	1,734	NHANES 2017-2018
All	all	0.15	0.41	0.69	1.19	2.54	4,461	NHANES 2017-2018
Men	20-39	0.15	0.45	0.73	1.20	2.50	612	NHANES 2017-2018
Men	40-59	0.19	0.47	0.79	1.39	2.96	665	NHANES 2017-2018
Men	60+	0.23	0.47	0.72	1.19	2.44	882	NHANES 2017-2018
Men	all	0.19	0.47	0.73	1.26	2.55	2,159	NHANES 2017-2018
Women	20-39	0.14	0.35	0.60	1.07	2.28	667	NHANES 2017-2018
Women	40-59	0.16	0.39	0.66	1.20	2.87	783	NHANES 2017-2018
Women	60+	0.12	0.32	0.59	1.03	2.42	852	NHANES 2017-2018
Women	all	0.14	0.35	0.61	1.11	2.52	2,302	NHANES 2017-2018

What studies found when this marker was changed

They describe what happened in those study groups, not a recommendation. See all catalogued interventions.

Each row is one study: what was changed, the effect it reported on this marker, and the source.
Type	Intervention	Reported effect	Evidence	Source
diet	Behavioural programme to increase fluid intake in people with urinary stones and low urine volume	24 h urine volume higher than control at months 6, 12, 18, and 24 (effect size not reported); stone recurrence not reduced (19% vs 20%)	RCT	Desai AC, et al. Prevention of urinary stones with hydration: a randomised…
pharmacologic	SGLT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin) inducing mild osmotic natriuresis	Empagliflozin 10 mg transiently increased 24-h urine volume at 1 month (p = 0.046), normalizing by 3 months	RCT	Bytyqi V, et al. Short- and mid-term effects of empagliflozin on sodium balance…

Things that worsen it

Each row is one study: what was changed, the effect it reported on this marker, and the source.
Type	Condition or exposure	Reported effect	Evidence	Source
clinical	Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients (oliguria)	Oliguria defined as urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h for at least 6 h in critically ill AKI patients	review	Klein SJ, et al. Oliguria in critically ill patients: a narrative review. J…

Sources

Risk curve: Lee 2017 (PMID 28228465): all-cause HR 0.96 (0.94-0.98) per 0.1-L/d higher residual urine volume. Scaled to US values (NHANES).
Lee et al. Prognostic Value of Residual Urine Volume, GFR by 24-hour Urine Collection, and eGFR in Patients Receiving Dialysis. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2017;12:426-434.

Map Urinary Flow Rate against another biomarker.

Map Urinary Flow Rate against another marker